What is the term for a collection of blood between the skull and dura mater?

The correct term for a collection of blood between the skull and the dura mater is indeed an epidural hematoma. An epidural hematoma occurs when a blood vessel, often an artery, is ruptured, leading to blood accumulation in the space between the dura mater, which is the outermost protective layer covering the brain, and the skull. This type of hematoma is often associated with traumatic head injury, particularly those that result in skull fractures.

In the case of an epidural hematoma, the accumulation of blood creates pressure on the brain, which can lead to severe neurological symptoms and requires prompt medical intervention to alleviate the pressure and prevent further brain injury. The classic presentation involves a brief loss of consciousness followed by a period of lucidity before rapid deterioration, often characterized by headache, confusion, and neurological deficits.

Understanding the distinction between epidural hematoma and other conditions, such as subdural hematoma or intracerebral hemorrhage, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Each of these conditions has different causes, locations, and implications for treatment, making clarity on terminology essential in medical practice.