What are some signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can manifest through a variety of neurological symptoms and signs that reflect the brain's response to rising pressure within the cranial cavity. The correct answer lists a range of symptoms, including headache, nausea, vomiting, altered consciousness, and pupil changes, which are commonly associated with elevated ICP.

Headaches may occur due to irritation of the brain structures or increased pressure on pain-sensitive areas. Nausea and vomiting can result from direct pressure on the brainstem, which controls these reflexes. Altered consciousness suggests that the increased pressure is affecting brain function, potentially compromising areas responsible for alertness and awareness. Pupil changes can occur as a result of increased pressure impacting the cranial nerves that control pupil dilation and constriction, leading to abnormal responses to light.

Other symptoms that can accompany increased ICP may include seizures, bradycardia, and changes in respiratory patterns, but those are not included in the correct choice. It's essential to recognize these signs early, as they indicate potential complications that could threaten life and necessitate immediate medical intervention.